DIAGNOSTIC TEST PANEL 561
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)/MOGAD – Live CBA
Diagnostic test panel for antibodies against AQP4 and MOG. For suspicion of Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)/ MOGAD
Indication
Suspicion of Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)/ MOGAD
Sample material
Serum
- Minim. volume: 0,5 mL
Transport
Within Sweden
- room temperature
International
- cold
Clinical background
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) constitute a group of autoimmune inflammatory conditions in the central nervous system (CNS) which primarily affect the optic nerve and/or spinal cord. For some time, these conditions were considered variants of multiple sclerosis (MS), but since the discovery of autoantibodies against the water channel aquaporin 4 (AQP4) or against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) that can be detected in these conditions, they are considered as distinct diseases with different pathogenetic mechanism than in MS.
IgG autoantibodies against AQP4 have high specificity for NMOSD. Antibodies against AQP4, which are detected in about 75% of cases with NMOSD, can also involve the area postrema in the brainstem and lead to "area postrema syndrome" characterized by persistent hiccups and/or vomiting.
Antibodies against MOG are associated with MOG-associated disease (MOGAD) which can resemble both AQP4-NMO and MS. MOGAD is the most common autoimmune condition that affects the CNS in children and often presents as acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM).
It is important to identify either NMOSD or MOGAD to initiate proper treatment. The conditions also risk worsening when treated with several of the drugs used to treat MS.
Coagulation factors in plasma can affect the test of AQP4 and MOG antibodies and therefore plasma is not recommended. Generally, testing for the presence of antibodies is primarily recommended in serum, but in rare cases, seronegative patients with demyelinating diseases have been found to be positive in CSF. The diagnostic criteria are based on analysis in serum.
The recommendation is to simultaneously test for antibodies against AQP4 and MOG since the conditions are often clinically similar.
Analysis with live-cell based assays (CBA) is preferred as these cells express full-length human MOG or AQP4. Analysis by ELISA is not recommended for measuring MOG-IgG, based on studies showing low sensitivity and specificity.
Tests included in panel
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How to order
This test panel is available worldwide for hospitals, clinics, and physicians.
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Print and complete the request form
Download the request form. Clearly state the name and phone number of the referring hospital, clinic, or physician. -
Prepare your samples
Serum: At least 0.5 mL serum (plain serum tubes without additives).
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Send samples and request form
Within Sweden
Samples can be sent at room temperature to:
Envelopes and smaller boxes:
Wieslab AB, Box 50117, 20211 Malmö, Sweden
Larger boxes and frozen samples:
Wieslab AB, Lundavägen 151, 21224 Malmö, Sweden
International
Send samples cold to:
Wieslab AB, Lundavägen 151, 21224 Malmö, Sweden
Last updated: 2025-08-18
