DIAGNOSTIC TEST 737

SOX1 Antibodies (IgG)

Diagnostic test for antibodies against SOX1. For suspicion of paraneoplastic syndrome.

swedac

Accredited. View list of accredited tests [.pdf]

Indication

Suspicion of paraneoplastic syndrome and neuropathy

Sample material

Serum

  • Minim. volume: 0,5 mL

CSF

  • Minim. volume: 2,0 mL

Transport

  • Within Sweden: room temperature
  • International: cold

Method

Immunoblot

Reference interval

Serum: <6 negative

CSF: negative

Result

Serum: results are reported as negative, borderline, or positive with an intensity value.

CSF: results are reported as negative, or positive.

Interpretation

Antibodies against SOX1 (anti-glial nuclear antibody, AGNA) are unusual but have been reported to occur in paraneoplastic neuropathy, Lambert-Eaton syndrome and in unclear forms of neuropathy and ataxia. SOX1 antibodies are often associated with antibodies against VGCC, Hu, CV2/CRMP5 or Amphiphysin. The most common cancer form associated with SOX1 is small cell lung cancer (SCLC), but other lung cancer forms have also been reported.

Antibodies against SOX1 are graded as Higher-risk antibodies with a frequency of >90% of underlying cancer and a positive result gives 3 points PNS score, according to Updated Diagnostic Criteria for Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes.

References

  • Rosenfeld MR, Dalmau J. Neurol Clin. 2018. Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes. PMID: 30072076
  • Graus F et al. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2021. Updated Diagnostic Criteria for Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes. PMID: 34006622
  • Guasp M, Dalmau J. Neurology. 2023. Searching for Neuronal Antibodies in Psychiatric Diseases: Uncertain Findings and Implications. PMID: 37353340
  • Vabanesi M, et al. J Neurol. 2023. SOX1 antibody-related paraneoplastic neurological syndromes: clinical correlates and assessment of laboratory diagnostic techniques. PMID: 36512064
  • Kerstens J et al. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2024. Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes: A Nationwide Study on Epidemiology and Antibody Testing Performance. PMID: 39467237

Included in these panels

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How to order

This test is available worldwide for hospitals, clinics, and physicians.

  1. Print and complete the request form

    Download the request form. Clearly state the name and phone number of the referring hospital, clinic, or physician. If you are a new customer, please also include a completed customer information form.

  2. Prepare your samples

    Serum: At least 0.5 mL serum (plain serum tubes without additives).
    CSF: At least 2 mL CSF (polypropylene tubes).

  3. Send samples and request form

    Within Sweden
    Samples can be sent at room temperature to:
    Envelopes and smaller boxes:
    Wieslab AB, Box 50117, 20211 Malmö, Sweden

    Larger boxes and frozen samples:
    Wieslab AB, Lundavägen 151, 21224 Malmö, Sweden

    International
    Send samples cold to:
    Wieslab AB, Lundavägen 151, 21224 Malmö, Sweden

Last updated: 2026-09-21