INDIVIDUAL TEST 852

IgLON5 Antibodies  (IgG)

Indication

Suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis

Sample material

Serum

• Minim. volume: 0,5 mL

CSF

• Minim. volume: 0,5 mL

Transport

• Within Sweden: room temperature
• International: cold

Method

Cell-based assay (CBA), indirect immunofluorescence (IIF)

Reference interval

Serum: <1:10 negative

CSF: negative

Result

Results are reported as negative or positive. A positive result is followed by a titer (serum).

Interpretation

Anti-IgLON5 disease is a chronic condition characterized by parasomnia with obstructive sleep apnea. Bulbar symptoms, gait abnormalities and cognitive impairment have also been described.

References

• Sabater L et al. Lancet Neurol. 2014. A novel non-rapid-eye movement and rapid-eye-movement parasomnia with sleep breathing disorder associated with antibodies to IgLON5: a case series, characterisation of the antigen, and post-mortem study. PMID: 24703753
• Leypoldt F et al. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2014. Autoimmune encephalopathies. Oct 14. PMID: 25315420
• Farina A et al. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2025. Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Correlates With Clinical Severity and Predicts Mortality in Anti-IgLON5 Disease. PMID: 41061184
• Grüter T et al. JAMA Neurol. 2025. Early Treatment With Intravenous Immunoglobulins and Outcomes of Patients With Anti-IgLON5 Disease. PMID: 40758377
• Campetella L et al. J Neurol. 2025. Neurodegeneration and the immune system: lessons from autoimmune encephalitis. PMID: 40274643
• Graus F et al. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2025. Anti-IgLON5 Disease 10 Years Later: What We Know and What We Do Not Know. PMID: 39705634

Last updated: 2025-11-25